Action View 日期助手¶ ↑
Date 助手主要用于创建不同类型日期和时间或日期和时间元素的 select/option 标签。所有 select 类型的方法都共享一些通用的选项，如下所示：
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:prefix- 覆盖用于 select 名称的默认前缀“date”。因此，如果传递给select_month方法，指定“birthday”将得到 birthday[month] 而不是 date[month]。 -
:include_blank- 如果可以设置空日期，则设置为 true。 -
:discard_type- 如果要删除 select 名称中的类型部分，则设置为 true。如果设置为 true，select_month方法将仅使用“date”（可以使用:prefix覆盖），而不是 date[month]。
方法
- D
- R
- S
- T
常量
| MINUTES_IN_QUARTER_YEAR | = | 131400 |
| MINUTES_IN_THREE_QUARTERS_YEAR | = | 394200 |
| MINUTES_IN_YEAR | = | 525600 |
实例公共方法
date_select(object_name, method, options = {}, html_options = {}) Link
返回一组 select 标签（分别用于年、月、日），预先选择好用于访问对象（由 object 标识）上指定的基于日期的属性（由 method 标识）。
选项¶ ↑
-
:use_month_numbers- 如果要使用月份数字而不是月份名称（例如，“2”而不是“February”），则设置为 true。 -
:use_two_digit_numbers- 如果要显示两位数的月份和日期数字（例如，“02”而不是“February”，以及“08”而不是“8”），则设置为 true。 -
:use_short_month- 如果要使用缩写的月份名称而不是完整的月份名称（例如，“Feb”而不是“February”），则设置为 true。 -
:add_month_numbers- 如果要同时使用月份数字和月份名称（例如，“2 - February”而不是“February”），则设置为 true。 -
:use_month_names- 设置为包含 12 个月份名称的数组，如果您想自定义月份名称。注意：您也可以为此使用 Rails 的 i18n 功能。 -
:month_format_string- 设置为格式字符串。该字符串将传递:number（整数）和:name（字符串）键。例如，格式字符串可以是“%{name} (%<number>02d)”。有关格式序列的文档，请参阅Kernel.sprintf。 -
:date_separator- 指定分隔日期字段的字符串。默认为“” （即无）。 -
:time_separator- 指定分隔时间字段的字符串。默认为“ : ”。 -
:datetime_separator- 指定分隔日期和时间字段的字符串。默认为“ — ”。 -
:start_year- 设置年份 select 的起始年份。如果您正在创建新记录，默认为Date.today.year - 5。在编辑现有记录时，:start_year默认为当前选定年份减去 5。 -
:end_year- 设置年份 select 的结束年份。如果您正在创建新记录，默认为Date.today.year + 5。在编辑现有记录时，:end_year默认为当前选定年份加上 5。 -
:year_format- 设置年份 select 的年份格式。应传递 Lambda 函数。 -
:day_format- 设置日期 select 的日期格式。应传递 Lambda 函数。 -
:discard_day- 如果您不想显示日期 select，则设置为 true。这会将日期包含为一个隐藏字段，而不是显示一个 select 字段。另请注意，这会隐式将日期设置为给定月份的第一天，以避免创建像 2 月 31 日这样的无效日期。 -
:discard_month- 如果您不想显示月份 select，则设置为 true。这会将月份包含为一个隐藏字段，而不是显示一个 select 字段。另请注意，这会隐式将 :discard_day 设置为 true。 -
:discard_year- 如果您不想显示年份 select，则设置为 true。这会将年份包含为一个隐藏字段，而不是显示一个 select 字段。 -
:order- 设置为一个包含:day、:month和:year的数组，以自定义 select 字段的显示顺序。如果您省略了任何符号，则相应的 select 将不会显示（如同您设置discard_xxx: true一样）。默认为相应区域设置中定义的顺序（例如，Rails 随附的 en 区域设置中的 [:year, :month, :day]）。 -
:include_blank- 在每个 select 字段中包含一个空白选项，以便可以设置空日期。 -
:default- 如果受影响的日期未设置或为nil，则设置一个默认日期。 -
:selected- 设置一个会覆盖实际值的日期。 -
:disabled- 如果您想将 select 字段显示为禁用状态，则设置为 true。 -
:prompt- 设置为 true（用于通用提示）、一个提示字符串或一个用于:year、:month、:day、:hour、:minute和:second的提示字符串哈希。设置此选项会预置一个带有通用提示（日、月、年、小时、分钟、秒）或给定提示字符串的 select 选项。 -
:with_css_classes- 设置为 true 或一个字符串哈希。如果想为 select 标签分配通用样式，则设置为 true。这会自动设置类 ‘year’、‘month’、‘day’、‘hour’、‘minute’ 和 ‘second’。为:year、:month、:day、:hour、:minute、:second设置字符串哈希将用给定的值扩展 select 类型。使用html_options来修改集合中的每个 select 标签。 -
:use_hidden- 如果只想生成隐藏的 input 标签，则设置为 true。
如果 html_options 哈希中传递了任何内容，它将应用于集合中的每个 select 标签。
注意：丢弃的 select 将默认为 1。因此，如果没有月份 select，将假定为一月。
# Generates a date select that when POSTed is stored in the article variable, in the written_on attribute. date_select("article", "written_on") # Generates a date select that when POSTed is stored in the article variable, in the written_on attribute, # with the year in the year drop down box starting at 1995. date_select("article", "written_on", start_year: 1995) # Generates a date select that when POSTed is stored in the article variable, in the written_on attribute, # with the year in the year drop down box starting at 1995, numbers used for months instead of words, # and without a day select box. date_select("article", "written_on", start_year: 1995, use_month_numbers: true, discard_day: true, include_blank: true) # Generates a date select that when POSTed is stored in the article variable, in the written_on attribute, # with two digit numbers used for months and days. date_select("article", "written_on", use_two_digit_numbers: true) # Generates a date select that when POSTed is stored in the article variable, in the written_on attribute # with the fields ordered as day, month, year rather than month, day, year. date_select("article", "written_on", order: [:day, :month, :year]) # Generates a date select that when POSTed is stored in the user variable, in the birthday attribute # lacking a year field. date_select("user", "birthday", order: [:month, :day]) # Generates a date select that when POSTed is stored in the article variable, in the written_on attribute # which is initially set to the date 3 days from the current date date_select("article", "written_on", default: 3.days.from_now) # Generates a date select that when POSTed is stored in the article variable, in the written_on attribute # which is set in the form with today's date, regardless of the value in the Active Record object. date_select("article", "written_on", selected: Date.today) # Generates a date select that when POSTed is stored in the credit_card variable, in the bill_due attribute # that will have a default day of 20. date_select("credit_card", "bill_due", default: { day: 20 }) # Generates a date select with custom prompts. date_select("article", "written_on", prompt: { day: 'Select day', month: 'Select month', year: 'Select year' }) # Generates a date select with custom year format. date_select("article", "written_on", year_format: ->(year) { "Heisei #{year - 1988}" }) # Generates a date select with custom day format. date_select("article", "written_on", day_format: ->(day) { day.ordinalize })
这些 select 标签为 Active Record 对象的复合参数赋值做好准备。
注意：如果日期未包含在选项中但月份包含，则日期将设置为 1 号，以确保所有月份选择都有效。
来源： 显示 | 在 GitHub 上
# File actionview/lib/action_view/helpers/date_helper.rb, line 314 def date_select(object_name, method, options = {}, html_options = {}) Tags::DateSelect.new(object_name, method, self, options, html_options).render end
datetime_select(object_name, method, options = {}, html_options = {}) Link
返回一组 select 标签（分别用于年、月、日、小时和分钟），预先选择好用于访问对象（由 object 标识）上指定的基于日期时间属性（由 method 标识）。
如果 html_options 哈希中传递了任何内容，它将应用于集合中的每个 select 标签。
# Generates a datetime select that, when POSTed, will be stored in the article variable in the written_on # attribute. datetime_select("article", "written_on") # Generates a datetime select with a year select that starts at 1995 that, when POSTed, will be stored in the # article variable in the written_on attribute. datetime_select("article", "written_on", start_year: 1995) # Generates a datetime select with a default value of 3 days from the current time that, when POSTed, will # be stored in the trip variable in the departing attribute. datetime_select("trip", "departing", default: 3.days.from_now) # Generate a datetime select with hours in the AM/PM format datetime_select("article", "written_on", ampm: true) # Generates a datetime select that discards the type that, when POSTed, will be stored in the article variable # as the written_on attribute. datetime_select("article", "written_on", discard_type: true) # Generates a datetime select with a custom prompt. Use <tt>prompt: true</tt> for generic prompts. datetime_select("article", "written_on", prompt: { day: 'Choose day', month: 'Choose month', year: 'Choose year' }) datetime_select("article", "written_on", prompt: { hour: true }) # generic prompt for hours datetime_select("article", "written_on", prompt: true) # generic prompts for all
这些 select 标签为 Active Record 对象的复合参数赋值做好准备。
来源： 显示 | 在 GitHub 上
# File actionview/lib/action_view/helpers/date_helper.rb, line 390 def datetime_select(object_name, method, options = {}, html_options = {}) Tags::DatetimeSelect.new(object_name, method, self, options, html_options).render end
distance_of_time_in_words(from_time, to_time = 0, options = {}) Link
报告两个 Time、Date 或 DateTime 对象或整数（表示秒）之间的大致时间距离。如果需要更详细的近似值（当距离 < 1 分钟 29 秒时），请传递 include_seconds: true。距离的报告基于下表：
0 <-> 29 secs # => less than a minute 30 secs <-> 1 min, 29 secs # => 1 minute 1 min, 30 secs <-> 44 mins, 29 secs # => [2..44] minutes 44 mins, 30 secs <-> 89 mins, 29 secs # => about 1 hour 89 mins, 30 secs <-> 23 hrs, 59 mins, 29 secs # => about [2..24] hours 23 hrs, 59 mins, 30 secs <-> 41 hrs, 59 mins, 29 secs # => 1 day 41 hrs, 59 mins, 30 secs <-> 29 days, 23 hrs, 59 mins, 29 secs # => [2..29] days 29 days, 23 hrs, 59 mins, 30 secs <-> 44 days, 23 hrs, 59 mins, 29 secs # => about 1 month 44 days, 23 hrs, 59 mins, 30 secs <-> 59 days, 23 hrs, 59 mins, 29 secs # => about 2 months 59 days, 23 hrs, 59 mins, 30 secs <-> 1 yr minus 1 sec # => [2..12] months 1 yr <-> 1 yr, 3 months # => about 1 year 1 yr, 3 months <-> 1 yr, 9 months # => over 1 year 1 yr, 9 months <-> 2 yr minus 1 sec # => almost 2 years 2 yrs <-> max time or date # => (same rules as 1 yr)
当 include_seconds: true 且差值 < 1 分钟 29 秒时
0-4 secs # => less than 5 seconds 5-9 secs # => less than 10 seconds 10-19 secs # => less than 20 seconds 20-39 secs # => half a minute 40-59 secs # => less than a minute 60-89 secs # => 1 minute from_time = Time.now distance_of_time_in_words(from_time, from_time + 50.minutes) # => about 1 hour distance_of_time_in_words(from_time, 50.minutes.from_now) # => about 1 hour distance_of_time_in_words(from_time, from_time + 15.seconds) # => less than a minute distance_of_time_in_words(from_time, from_time + 15.seconds, include_seconds: true) # => less than 20 seconds distance_of_time_in_words(from_time, 3.years.from_now) # => about 3 years distance_of_time_in_words(from_time, from_time + 60.hours) # => 3 days distance_of_time_in_words(from_time, from_time + 45.seconds, include_seconds: true) # => less than a minute distance_of_time_in_words(from_time, from_time - 45.seconds, include_seconds: true) # => less than a minute distance_of_time_in_words(from_time, 76.seconds.from_now) # => 1 minute distance_of_time_in_words(from_time, from_time + 1.year + 3.days) # => about 1 year distance_of_time_in_words(from_time, from_time + 3.years + 6.months) # => over 3 years distance_of_time_in_words(from_time, from_time + 4.years + 9.days + 30.minutes + 5.seconds) # => about 4 years to_time = Time.now + 6.years + 19.days distance_of_time_in_words(from_time, to_time, include_seconds: true) # => about 6 years distance_of_time_in_words(to_time, from_time, include_seconds: true) # => about 6 years distance_of_time_in_words(Time.now, Time.now) # => less than a minute
使用 scope 选项，您可以定义一个自定义作用域，供 Rails 查找翻译。
例如，您可以在本地化文件中（例如 en.yml）定义以下内容。
datetime:
distance_in_words:
short:
about_x_hours:
one: 'an hour'
other: '%{count} hours'
有关更多示例，请参阅 github.com/svenfuchs/rails-i18n/blob/master/rails/locale/en.yml。
这将导致以下结果：
from_time = Time.now distance_of_time_in_words(from_time, from_time + 50.minutes, scope: 'datetime.distance_in_words.short') # => "an hour" distance_of_time_in_words(from_time, from_time + 3.hours, scope: 'datetime.distance_in_words.short') # => "3 hours"
来源： 显示 | 在 GitHub 上
# File actionview/lib/action_view/helpers/date_helper.rb, line 95 def distance_of_time_in_words(from_time, to_time = 0, options = {}) options = { scope: :'datetime.distance_in_words' }.merge!(options) from_time = normalize_distance_of_time_argument_to_time(from_time) to_time = normalize_distance_of_time_argument_to_time(to_time) from_time, to_time = to_time, from_time if from_time > to_time distance_in_minutes = ((to_time - from_time) / 60.0).round distance_in_seconds = (to_time - from_time).round I18n.with_options locale: options[:locale], scope: options[:scope] do |locale| case distance_in_minutes when 0..1 return distance_in_minutes == 0 ? locale.t(:less_than_x_minutes, count: 1) : locale.t(:x_minutes, count: distance_in_minutes) unless options[:include_seconds] case distance_in_seconds when 0..4 then locale.t :less_than_x_seconds, count: 5 when 5..9 then locale.t :less_than_x_seconds, count: 10 when 10..19 then locale.t :less_than_x_seconds, count: 20 when 20..39 then locale.t :half_a_minute when 40..59 then locale.t :less_than_x_minutes, count: 1 else locale.t :x_minutes, count: 1 end when 2...45 then locale.t :x_minutes, count: distance_in_minutes when 45...90 then locale.t :about_x_hours, count: 1 # 90 mins up to 24 hours when 90...1440 then locale.t :about_x_hours, count: (distance_in_minutes.to_f / 60.0).round # 24 hours up to 42 hours when 1440...2520 then locale.t :x_days, count: 1 # 42 hours up to 30 days when 2520...43200 then locale.t :x_days, count: (distance_in_minutes.to_f / 1440.0).round # 30 days up to 60 days when 43200...86400 then locale.t :about_x_months, count: (distance_in_minutes.to_f / 43200.0).round # 60 days up to 365 days when 86400...525600 then locale.t :x_months, count: (distance_in_minutes.to_f / 43200.0).round else from_year = from_time.year from_year += 1 if from_time.month >= 3 to_year = to_time.year to_year -= 1 if to_time.month < 3 leap_years = if from_year > to_year 0 else fyear = from_year - 1 (to_year / 4 - to_year / 100 + to_year / 400) - (fyear / 4 - fyear / 100 + fyear / 400) end minute_offset_for_leap_year = leap_years * 1440 # Discount the leap year days when calculating year distance. # e.g. if there are 20 leap year days between 2 dates having the same day # and month then based on 365 days calculation # the distance in years will come out to over 80 years when in written # English it would read better as about 80 years. minutes_with_offset = distance_in_minutes - minute_offset_for_leap_year remainder = (minutes_with_offset % MINUTES_IN_YEAR) distance_in_years = (minutes_with_offset.div MINUTES_IN_YEAR) if remainder < MINUTES_IN_QUARTER_YEAR locale.t(:about_x_years, count: distance_in_years) elsif remainder < MINUTES_IN_THREE_QUARTERS_YEAR locale.t(:over_x_years, count: distance_in_years) else locale.t(:almost_x_years, count: distance_in_years + 1) end end end end
relative_time_in_words(from_time, options = {}) Link
类似于 time_ago_in_words，但根据时间是在过去还是将来，添加前缀/后缀。您可以使用 scope 选项来定制翻译作用域。所有其他选项都将转发给 time_ago_in_words。
relative_time_in_words(3.minutes.from_now) # => "in 3 minutes" relative_time_in_words(3.minutes.ago) # => "3 minutes ago" relative_time_in_words(10.seconds.ago, include_seconds: true) # => "less than 10 seconds ago"
另请参阅 time_ago_in_words
来源： 显示 | 在 GitHub 上
# File actionview/lib/action_view/helpers/date_helper.rb, line 198 def relative_time_in_words(from_time, options = {}) now = Time.now time = distance_of_time_in_words(from_time, now, options.except(:scope)) key = from_time > now ? :future : :past I18n.t(key, time: time, scope: options.fetch(:scope, :'datetime.relative'), locale: options[:locale]) end
select_date(date = Date.current, options = {}, html_options = {}) Link
返回一组 HTML select 标签（分别用于年、月、日），预先选择好 date。可以使用 :order 选项以及符号数组 :year、:month 和 :day 按所需顺序明确设置标签的顺序。如果传递给 :order 选项的数组不包含所有三个符号，则所有标签都将被隐藏。
如果 html_options 哈希中传递了任何内容，它将应用于集合中的每个 select 标签。
my_date = Time.now + 6.days # Generates a date select that defaults to the date in my_date (six days after today). select_date(my_date) # Generates a date select that defaults to today (no specified date). select_date() # Generates a date select that defaults to the date in my_date (six days after today) # with the fields ordered year, month, day rather than month, day, year. select_date(my_date, order: [:year, :month, :day]) # Generates a date select that discards the type of the field and defaults to the date in # my_date (six days after today). select_date(my_date, discard_type: true) # Generates a date select that defaults to the date in my_date, # which has fields separated by '/'. select_date(my_date, date_separator: '/') # Generates a date select that defaults to the datetime in my_date (six days after today) # prefixed with 'payday' rather than 'date'. select_date(my_date, prefix: 'payday') # Generates a date select with a custom prompt. Use <tt>prompt: true</tt> for generic prompts. select_date(my_date, prompt: { day: 'Choose day', month: 'Choose month', year: 'Choose year' }) select_date(my_date, prompt: { hour: true }) # generic prompt for hours select_date(my_date, prompt: true) # generic prompts for all
来源： 显示 | 在 GitHub 上
# File actionview/lib/action_view/helpers/date_helper.rb, line 478 def select_date(date = Date.current, options = {}, html_options = {}) DateTimeSelector.new(date, options, html_options).select_date end
select_datetime(datetime = Time.current, options = {}, html_options = {}) Link
返回一组 HTML select 标签（分别用于年、月、日、小时、分钟和秒），预先选择好 datetime。还可以使用 :order 选项以及符号数组 :year、:month 和 :day 按所需顺序明确设置标签的顺序。如果您不提供 Symbol，它将被附加到传入的 :order 中。您还可以将 :date_separator、:datetime_separator 和 :time_separator 键添加到 options 中，以控制元素的视觉显示。
如果 html_options 哈希中传递了任何内容，它将应用于集合中的每个 select 标签。
my_date_time = Time.now + 4.days # Generates a datetime select that defaults to the datetime in my_date_time (four days after today). select_datetime(my_date_time) # Generates a datetime select that defaults to today (no specified datetime) select_datetime() # Generates a datetime select that defaults to the datetime in my_date_time (four days after today) # with the fields ordered year, month, day rather than month, day, year. select_datetime(my_date_time, order: [:year, :month, :day]) # Generates a datetime select that defaults to the datetime in my_date_time (four days after today) # with a '/' between each date field. select_datetime(my_date_time, date_separator: '/') # Generates a datetime select that defaults to the datetime in my_date_time (four days after today) # with a date fields separated by '/', time fields separated by '' and the date and time fields # separated by a comma (','). select_datetime(my_date_time, date_separator: '/', time_separator: '', datetime_separator: ',') # Generates a datetime select that discards the type of the field and defaults to the datetime in # my_date_time (four days after today) select_datetime(my_date_time, discard_type: true) # Generate a datetime field with hours in the AM/PM format select_datetime(my_date_time, ampm: true) # Generates a datetime select that defaults to the datetime in my_date_time (four days after today) # prefixed with 'payday' rather than 'date' select_datetime(my_date_time, prefix: 'payday') # Generates a datetime select with a custom prompt. Use <tt>prompt: true</tt> for generic prompts. select_datetime(my_date_time, prompt: { day: 'Choose day', month: 'Choose month', year: 'Choose year' }) select_datetime(my_date_time, prompt: { hour: true }) # generic prompt for hours select_datetime(my_date_time, prompt: true) # generic prompts for all
来源： 显示 | 在 GitHub 上
# File actionview/lib/action_view/helpers/date_helper.rb, line 439 def select_datetime(datetime = Time.current, options = {}, html_options = {}) DateTimeSelector.new(datetime, options, html_options).select_datetime end
select_day(date, options = {}, html_options = {}) Link
返回一个 select 标签，其中包含 1 到 31 号的选项，并预先选择当前日期。date 也可以用一个日期数字替换。如果您想显示带前导零的日期，请将 options 中的 :use_two_digit_numbers 键设置为 true。使用 :field_name 选项覆盖字段名，默认为“day”。
my_date = Time.now + 2.days # Generates a select field for days that defaults to the day for the date in my_date. select_day(my_date) # Generates a select field for days that defaults to the number given. select_day(5) # Generates a select field for days that defaults to the number given, but displays it with two digits. select_day(5, use_two_digit_numbers: true) # Generates a select field for days that defaults to the day for the date in my_date # that is named 'due' rather than 'day'. select_day(my_date, field_name: 'due') # Generates a select field for days with a custom prompt. Use <tt>prompt: true</tt> for a # generic prompt. select_day(5, prompt: 'Choose day')
来源： 显示 | 在 GitHub 上
# File actionview/lib/action_view/helpers/date_helper.rb, line 621 def select_day(date, options = {}, html_options = {}) DateTimeSelector.new(date, options, html_options).select_day end
select_hour(datetime, options = {}, html_options = {}) Link
返回一个 select 标签，其中包含 0 到 23 点的选项，并预先选择当前小时。datetime 可以是 Time 或 DateTime 对象或一个整数。使用 :field_name 选项覆盖字段名，默认为“hour”。
my_time = Time.now + 6.hours # Generates a select field for hours that defaults to the hour for the time in my_time. select_hour(my_time) # Generates a select field for hours that defaults to the number given. select_hour(13) # Generates a select field for hours that defaults to the hour for the time in my_time # that is named 'stride' rather than 'hour'. select_hour(my_time, field_name: 'stride') # Generates a select field for hours with a custom prompt. Use <tt>prompt: true</tt> for a # generic prompt. select_hour(13, prompt: 'Choose hour') # Generate a select field for hours in the AM/PM format select_hour(my_time, ampm: true) # Generates a select field that includes options for hours from 2 to 14. select_hour(my_time, start_hour: 2, end_hour: 14)
来源： 显示 | 在 GitHub 上
# File actionview/lib/action_view/helpers/date_helper.rb, line 594 def select_hour(datetime, options = {}, html_options = {}) DateTimeSelector.new(datetime, options, html_options).select_hour end
select_minute(datetime, options = {}, html_options = {}) Link
返回一个 select 标签，其中包含 0 到 59 分的选项，并预先选择当前分钟。还可以返回一个 select 标签，其中包含 minute_step 从 0 到 59 的选项，并预先选择 00 分。datetime 可以是 Time 或 DateTime 对象或一个整数。使用 :field_name 选项覆盖字段名，默认为“minute”。
my_time = Time.now + 10.minutes # Generates a select field for minutes that defaults to the minutes for the time in my_time. select_minute(my_time) # Generates a select field for minutes that defaults to the number given. select_minute(14) # Generates a select field for minutes that defaults to the minutes for the time in my_time # that is named 'moment' rather than 'minute'. select_minute(my_time, field_name: 'moment') # Generates a select field for minutes with a custom prompt. Use <tt>prompt: true</tt> for a # generic prompt. select_minute(14, prompt: 'Choose minutes')
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# File actionview/lib/action_view/helpers/date_helper.rb, line 565 def select_minute(datetime, options = {}, html_options = {}) DateTimeSelector.new(datetime, options, html_options).select_minute end
select_month(date, options = {}, html_options = {}) Link
返回一个 select 标签，其中包含一月到十二月的选项，并预先选择当前月份。月份名称将作为键（显示给用户），月份数字（1-12）将作为值（提交给服务器）。还可以选择使用月份数字而不是名称进行显示 - 将 options 中的 :use_month_numbers 键设置为 true。如果您想要数字和名称，请将 options 中的 :add_month_numbers 键设置为 true。如果您希望显示缩写的月份名称，请将 options 中的 :use_short_month 键设置为 true。如果您想使用自己的月份名称，请将 options 中的 :use_month_names 键设置为包含 12 个月份名称的数组。如果您想显示带前导零的月份，请将 options 中的 :use_two_digit_numbers 键设置为 true。使用 :field_name 选项覆盖字段名，默认为“month”。
# Generates a select field for months that defaults to the current month that # will use keys like "January", "March". select_month(Date.today) # Generates a select field for months that defaults to the current month that # is named "start" rather than "month". select_month(Date.today, field_name: 'start') # Generates a select field for months that defaults to the current month that # will use keys like "1", "3". select_month(Date.today, use_month_numbers: true) # Generates a select field for months that defaults to the current month that # will use keys like "1 - January", "3 - March". select_month(Date.today, add_month_numbers: true) # Generates a select field for months that defaults to the current month that # will use keys like "Jan", "Mar". select_month(Date.today, use_short_month: true) # Generates a select field for months that defaults to the current month that # will use keys like "Januar", "Marts." select_month(Date.today, use_month_names: %w(Januar Februar Marts ...)) # Generates a select field for months that defaults to the current month that # will use keys with two digit numbers like "01", "03". select_month(Date.today, use_two_digit_numbers: true) # Generates a select field for months with a custom prompt. Use <tt>prompt: true</tt> for a # generic prompt. select_month(14, prompt: 'Choose month')
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# File actionview/lib/action_view/helpers/date_helper.rb, line 666 def select_month(date, options = {}, html_options = {}) DateTimeSelector.new(date, options, html_options).select_month end
select_second(datetime, options = {}, html_options = {}) Link
返回一个 select 标签，其中包含 0 到 59 秒的选项，并预先选择当前秒。datetime 可以是 Time 或 DateTime 对象或一个整数。使用 :field_name 选项覆盖字段名，默认为“second”。
my_time = Time.now + 16.seconds # Generates a select field for seconds that defaults to the seconds for the time in my_time. select_second(my_time) # Generates a select field for seconds that defaults to the number given. select_second(33) # Generates a select field for seconds that defaults to the seconds for the time in my_time # that is named 'interval' rather than 'second'. select_second(my_time, field_name: 'interval') # Generates a select field for seconds with a custom prompt. Use <tt>prompt: true</tt> for a # generic prompt. select_second(14, prompt: 'Choose seconds')
来源： 显示 | 在 GitHub 上
# File actionview/lib/action_view/helpers/date_helper.rb, line 541 def select_second(datetime, options = {}, html_options = {}) DateTimeSelector.new(datetime, options, html_options).select_second end
select_time(datetime = Time.current, options = {}, html_options = {}) Link
返回一组 HTML select 标签（分别用于小时和分钟）。您可以使用 :time_separator 键来格式化输出，并使用 :include_seconds 选项来包含秒的 input。
如果 html_options 哈希中传递了任何内容，它将应用于集合中的每个 select 标签。
my_time = Time.now + 5.days + 7.hours + 3.minutes + 14.seconds # Generates a time select that defaults to the time in my_time. select_time(my_time) # Generates a time select that defaults to the current time (no specified time). select_time() # Generates a time select that defaults to the time in my_time, # which has fields separated by ':'. select_time(my_time, time_separator: ':') # Generates a time select that defaults to the time in my_time, # that also includes an input for seconds. select_time(my_time, include_seconds: true) # Generates a time select that defaults to the time in my_time, that has fields # separated by ':' and includes an input for seconds. select_time(my_time, time_separator: ':', include_seconds: true) # Generate a time select field with hours in the AM/PM format select_time(my_time, ampm: true) # Generates a time select field with hours that range from 2 to 14 select_time(my_time, start_hour: 2, end_hour: 14) # Generates a time select with a custom prompt. Use <tt>:prompt</tt> to true for generic prompts. select_time(my_time, prompt: { day: 'Choose day', month: 'Choose month', year: 'Choose year' }) select_time(my_time, prompt: { hour: true }) # generic prompt for hours select_time(my_time, prompt: true) # generic prompts for all
来源： 显示 | 在 GitHub 上
# File actionview/lib/action_view/helpers/date_helper.rb, line 518 def select_time(datetime = Time.current, options = {}, html_options = {}) DateTimeSelector.new(datetime, options, html_options).select_time end
select_year(date, options = {}, html_options = {}) Link
返回一个 select 标签，其中包含当前年份前后五年的选项，并预先选择当前年份。可以通过 options 中的 :start_year 和 :end_year 键来更改五年范围。通过使 :start_year 小于或大于 :end_year，支持升序和降序的年份列表。date 也可以用一个数字年份替换。使用 :field_name 选项覆盖字段名，默认为“year”。
# Generates a select field for years that defaults to the current year that # has ascending year values. select_year(Date.today, start_year: 1992, end_year: 2007) # Generates a select field for years that defaults to the current year that # is named 'birth' rather than 'year'. select_year(Date.today, field_name: 'birth') # Generates a select field for years that defaults to the current year that # has descending year values. select_year(Date.today, start_year: 2005, end_year: 1900) # Generates a select field for years that defaults to the year 2006 that # has ascending year values. select_year(2006, start_year: 2000, end_year: 2010) # Generates a select field for years with a custom prompt. Use <tt>prompt: true</tt> for a # generic prompt. select_year(14, prompt: 'Choose year')
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# File actionview/lib/action_view/helpers/date_helper.rb, line 695 def select_year(date, options = {}, html_options = {}) DateTimeSelector.new(date, options, html_options).select_year end
time_ago_in_words(from_time, options = {}) Link
类似于 distance_of_time_in_words，但 to_time 固定为 Time.now。
time_ago_in_words(3.minutes.from_now) # => 3 minutes time_ago_in_words(3.minutes.ago) # => 3 minutes time_ago_in_words(Time.now - 15.hours) # => about 15 hours time_ago_in_words(Time.now) # => less than a minute time_ago_in_words(Time.now, include_seconds: true) # => less than 5 seconds from_time = Time.now - 3.days - 14.minutes - 25.seconds time_ago_in_words(from_time) # => 3 days from_time = (3.days + 14.minutes + 25.seconds).ago time_ago_in_words(from_time) # => 3 days
请注意，您不能将 Numeric 值传递给 time_ago_in_words。
来源： 显示 | 在 GitHub 上
# File actionview/lib/action_view/helpers/date_helper.rb, line 183 def time_ago_in_words(from_time, options = {}) distance_of_time_in_words(from_time, Time.now, options) end
time_select(object_name, method, options = {}, html_options = {}) Link
返回一组 select 标签（分别用于小时、分钟，以及可选的秒），预先选择好用于访问对象（由 object 标识）上指定的基于时间属性（由 method 标识）。您可以使用 :include_seconds 来包含秒。您可以使用 :ampm 选项以 AM/PM 格式获取小时。
此方法还将生成 3 个隐藏 input 标签，用于实际的年、月和日，除非选项 :ignore_date 设置为 true。如果您将 :ignore_date 设置为 true，则必须在表单中具有与同一方法关联的 date_select，否则将引发异常。
如果 html_options 哈希中传递了任何内容，它将应用于集合中的每个 select 标签。
# Creates a time select tag that, when POSTed, will be stored in the article variable in the sunrise attribute. time_select("article", "sunrise") # Creates a time select tag with a seconds field that, when POSTed, will be stored in the article variables in # the sunrise attribute. time_select("article", "start_time", include_seconds: true) # You can set the <tt>:minute_step</tt> to 15 which will give you: 00, 15, 30, and 45. time_select 'game', 'game_time', { minute_step: 15 } # Creates a time select tag with a custom prompt. Use <tt>prompt: true</tt> for generic prompts. time_select("article", "written_on", prompt: { hour: 'Choose hour', minute: 'Choose minute', second: 'Choose seconds' }) time_select("article", "written_on", prompt: { hour: true }) # generic prompt for hours time_select("article", "written_on", prompt: true) # generic prompts for all # You can set :ampm option to true which will show the hours as: 12 PM, 01 AM .. 11 PM. time_select 'game', 'game_time', { ampm: true } # You can set :ignore_date option to true which will remove the hidden inputs for day, # month, and year that are set by default on this helper when you only want the time inputs time_select 'game', 'game_time', { ignore_date: true }
这些 select 标签为 Active Record 对象的复合参数赋值做好准备。
注意：如果日期未包含在选项中但月份包含，则日期将设置为 1 号，以确保所有月份选择都有效。
来源： 显示 | 在 GitHub 上
# File actionview/lib/action_view/helpers/date_helper.rb, line 355 def time_select(object_name, method, options = {}, html_options = {}) Tags::TimeSelect.new(object_name, method, self, options, html_options).render end
time_tag(date_or_time, *args, &block) Link
为给定的日期或时间返回一个 HTML time 标签。
time_tag Date.today # =>
<time datetime="2010-11-04">November 04, 2010</time>
time_tag Time.now # =>
<time datetime="2010-11-04T17:55:45+01:00">November 04, 2010 17:55</time>
time_tag Date.yesterday, 'Yesterday' # =>
<time datetime="2010-11-03">Yesterday</time>
time_tag Date.today, datetime: Date.today.strftime('%G-W%V') # =>
<time datetime="2010-W44">November 04, 2010</time>
<%= time_tag Time.now do %>
<span>Right now</span>
<% end %>
# => <time datetime="2010-11-04T17:55:45+01:00"><span>Right now</span></time>
来源： 显示 | 在 GitHub 上
# File actionview/lib/action_view/helpers/date_helper.rb, line 714 def time_tag(date_or_time, *args, &block) options = args.extract_options! format = options.delete(:format) || :long content = args.first || I18n.l(date_or_time, format: format) content_tag("time", content, options.reverse_merge(datetime: date_or_time.iso8601), &block) end